Bedford Health Show Project Management

Bedford Health Show Project Management EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:- This is a business report submission of the project plan for the exhibition at Bedford health show for Optimum healthcare solutions organisation. INTRODUCTION My aim for this project plan assignment is for me to attempt to explain the rationale behind the exhibition and plan a project towards this with the project milestone, potential return on investment, the budget, Gantt chart and work breakdown structure illustrated. OVERVIEW OF OPTIMUM HEALTHCARE SOLUTIONS Optimum Healthcare Solution is an organisation that provides physiotherapy products and services to local community, other hospitals and healthcare personnel . They provide a treatment pathway for their patient and have specialist in physiotherapy that assist in the rehabilitation and recovery for patients that has suffered injuries. They offer services and products such as Pilates, sports massage, watt bike testing, ultrasonography, shockwave therapy, acupuncture, myofascial taping, customised orthotics. They are specialised in the treatment of Back pain, Musculosketal, Acupuncture, Paediatric ,sports injury e.t.c The organisation does not just only provide physiotherapy, they also provide services in the area of Neurotherapy, fitness and elite fitness which enables the organisation to provide rehabilitation assessment and treatment for all their patients They have a training programme that helps in improving performance and preventing injuries. RATIONALE/BENEFITS FOR EXHIBITING AT THE BEDFORD HEALTH SHORE Exhibiting at a trade show is a way for one to market its products and services It will enable the organisation(OHS) to advertise their healthcare products and services to 5,750 visitors at the exhibition, at least majority of these visitors wouldnt have heard about the organisation. It will create more awareness about (OHS) products and services which might lead to global recognition because the visitors will be diverse from different countries . Its an opportunity to network on a larger scale with other healthcare service provider at the exhibition. Its an opportunity to get more clients/patients to patronise the products and services offered which will eventually lead to the creation of a customer database. It will help to improve the brand image of (OHS) and help to know what other healthcare provider competitors are up to. Its a good marketing strategy to start off sales of (OHS) products and services It leaves an impression on potential clients/patients It will ultimately end up increasing sales for the organisation and to promote (OHS) RETURN ON INVESTMENT As the project planner we are estimating a profit of  £5000 after investing  £5000 which is a 100% returns on investment which is of benefit to the organisation. Return on investment = ROI =net profit/investment*100 ROI=5000/5000*100=100% We are estimating 1800 new clients will be recruited at the exhibition out of the 5,750 that will attend the exhibition. There is also the possibility of more clients patronising the services and products. From this estimate , we are assuming well break even after the exhibition. The desired result of getting more sales will be realised and the project stakeholders will ultimately be satisfied. PROJECT PLAN MILESTONES Cost or suggested Budget( £5,000) Time Resources e.g. equipment, machinery, Stationeries Training of staff Project start and end date COST/BUDGET PLAN FOR THE BEDFORD EXHIBITION SHOW VENUE RENT(SHELL SCHEME STAND)  £900 TRANSPORT TO FRO OF EQUIPMENTS  £250 HIRING FURNISHING LOCALLY (DESK,CHAIR TABLE AT BEDFORD)  £200 ADVERTISEMENT FOR SHOW  £200 PRINTING POSTERS/LEAFLET  £200 GIFT MUGS/PEN/T-SHIRT WITH (OHS)LOGO  £200 INTERNET CONNECTION AT EXHIBITION CENTRE  £30 STAFF WAGES FOR THE DAY  £800 STAFF TRAINING  £250 HOTEL BOOKING FOR 10 STAFF MEMBERS  £750 HOSPITALITY FOR POTENTIAL CUSTOMERS E.G DRINKS, TEA, COFFEE  £100 CLEAN UP SERVICES  £120 MISCELLANOUS  £1000 TOTAL EXHIBITION COST  £5000 OBJECTIVES OF THE EXHIBITION The Objectives of exhibiting at the Bedford health show is basically to make sales for(Optimum Healthcare Solutions) products and services at the exhibition event by recruiting at least 1,800 clients . Motivate the team by the seminars and training they will be attending to gain insight into how to engage the potential customers of optimum healthcare solutions. Contact potential patients or customers after the exhibition event with telephone calls, email, text messages, arranging interviews, letters through the post to serve as reminders and social media networking. To ensure that within 24 hours of collating data and creating a database ,all new potential customers would have been communicated with and arrange an assessment with them as soon as possible. PROJECT STAKEHOLDERS   Ã‚   PROJECT MANAGER :- is a stakeholder in the sense that he or she has the responsibility of ensuring that the project is prepared, planned properly, manages risks and executed accordingly. CLIENTS/PATIENTS:- Are stakeholders in that the OHS has a care of duty to provide and cant afford to fail them because they pay for the products and services. LOCAL COMMUNITY:-Are stakeholders as well because whatever decision is been made by the healthcare providers management(OHS) and their activities, the community will be impacted and affected by these. STAFF:-Are stakeholders because they are impacted by either the success or failure of the organisation and the management decisions. GOVERNMENT:- Are stakeholders because they expect the healthcare providers to provide quality healthcare services to patients and to pay income tax (which is a revenue for them). BOARD OF DIRECTORS:- They as a service provider needs to be financially sustainable . GANTT CHART OF PROJECT PLAN FOR OPTIMUM HEALTHCARE SOLUTIONS EXHIBITION AT THE BEDFOR HEALTH SHOW (Owadokun, K. et al, 2017) The project plan has a time frame or duration of a start date from 1st of April 2017 and an end date of 22nd of April 2017 with the activities involved in achieving the project plan and this is clearly represented on the Gantt chart. PROJECT LIFE CYCLE FOR THE (OHS) EXHIBITION PROJECT INITIATION:- A team was put up to brainstorm how the project plan should go and set aims and objectives for the project, a feasibility study was done about the Bedford health show PROJECT PLANNING:-The plan of how to get the project working was put in place by the team after brainstorming and coming to a conclusion, and as well the budget breakdown estimate for the exhibition was concluded after analysing what it will cost to effect the project, a communication plan was also put in place so the team can effectively communicate .e.g. a new email account was created and a mobile and landline line was given to all team members PROJECT EXECUTION:-A time management was put in place that is represented on the Gantt chart on how to monitor the progress of the project. PROJECT CLOSURE:- A review and assessment of the project executed is put in place and also to communicate with potential clients 24 hours immediately after the exhibition by ensuring they are communicated with through letters, phone calls, email, social media, text message reminders e.t.c and also communicate back to the stakeholders about the success of the exhibition and the lessons learned are documented. 4Ds OF THE PROJECT DISCOVER:-When the staff at the exhibition where engaging the customers or potential patients, they tried to get information off the customers about the use of the products and services during demonstrations with the equipment at the venue . DESIGN: The staff will be encouraged to put themselves in the shoes of the potential clients for (OHS) using the products and services and encourage questions from the customers and the time and duration needed to actualise the project plan was calculated which was between the first of April to the twenty second of April 2017 . DEVELOP:-Several meetings and Training of staff will be done on how to communicate sales processes of (OHS)products and services and the activities highlighted in our Gantt chart was done, we also got appropriate data from the customers. DELIVER:-Appropriate feedback will be collected from the customers at the exhibition and well evaluate this feedback with our objectives if its been realised CONCLUSION I have learnt from undertaking this research that it is realistic to break even after investing  £5000 and get a return of 100% on what is invested through strategic marketing, social networking and engaging clients one on one such as exhibiting on a larger scale to a wide audience that is more diverse than in the local community and hospitals REFERENCE http://www.optimum-hcs.com Owadokun, K. Begum, N. Mostafa, M. Costa,Ginario. and Chowdury, Dilruba(2017) OHS Gantt chart

Critical Thinking and Discussion Question Essay

Describe the shifts in the world economy over the past 30 years. What are the implications of these shifts for international businesses based in Britain? North America? Hong Kong? After World War II, America used to be the number one leader in the world while Britain and China have less role. For the rich industrial countries like the UK, US, Denmark and New Zealand is declining of the FDI. Conversely, the developing countries like China has become more influential in the world economic over the last 30 years and expected to be the first leader in the world. Especially, exporting of china has a significant blooming. â€Å"The study of international business is fine if you are going to work in a large multinational enterprise, but it has no relevance for individuals who are going to work in small firms.† Evaluate this statement. International business or globalization is talk about the trend towards a more integrated global economic system. I’m disagree with that there is no relevance for individual who are going to work in small business because every business should consider about economic and the economic depend on the would situation. So, not only a big enterprise must study international business but small business should understand the role of global business also. How have changes in technology contributed to the globalization of markets and production? Would the globalization of production and markets have been possible without these technological changes? For the globalization of markets and production, they have changed with lower cost communications networks and lower transportation cost. Both lead to easier to enable firm s to create global markets and allow firms to better respond to customer demands. For example; The Internet has facilitated the creation of a 24/7/365 marketplace where information is available in real  time. So that make sense that the globalization of production and markets have been possible without these technological changes. â€Å"Ultimately, the study of international business is no different from the study of domestic business. Thus, there is no point in having a separate course on international business.† Evaluate this statement. The international business differs from the domestic business because: Countries are different in economic, political, legal and culture. The range of problem confronted by a manager in an international business is wider and the problems themselves more complex than those confronted by a manager in a domestic business. International transactions involve converting money into different currencies. How might the Internet and the associated World Wide Web affect international business activity and the globalization of the world economy? Over the last 20 years, internet static has increase sharply. Most business have a website that kind of another advertising. Customer around the world can access your business 24 hrs. Real location is not necessary because of power of internet. Some business only has in online and they can make more profit than existing business. If current trends continue, China may emerge as the world’s largest economy by 2020. Discuss the possible implications for such a development for The world trading system: Many countries try to sign a contract with China for trade because its market is big and very interesting. In the future China economic could be larger than the US and other countries. The world monetary system: China’s currency, Yuan, might be powerful than U.S. dollar or equal or more than other world currency. The business strategy of today’s European and US-based global corporations: They will invest in China or more corporate will shift to China. In term of exporting, they try to reduce tariff. In  addition, they will co-business with Chinese and learn chinese also. global commodity prices: The goods that is made in China is cheaper than other countries. Most global commodities will import from China. Reread the Management Focus on Vizio and the market for flat-panel TVs and answer the following questions: Why is the manufacturing of flat panel TV’s migrating to different locations around the world? Because they concern about cost of production, comparing between cost and profit in different countries. Who benefits from the globalization of the flat panel display industry? Who are the losers? Vizio company: lower production cost Vizio customer: high-quality with low price labor: get job host country: higher pollute environment What would happen if The US government required that flat-panel displays sold in the United States had to also be made in the US? On balance, would this be a good or a bad thing? It will be a bad thing. In the short run, if the flat panel displays must be made in the United States, the total cost of the products will increase and become less competitive with other brands. What does the example of Vizio tell you about the future of production in an increasingly integrated global economy? What does it tell you about the strategies that enterprises must adopt to thrive in highly competitive global markets? This is an example of benefit-cost analysis. The way to reduce production cost through the integrated global economy. They looking for out sourcing suppliers that cheaper than their country.

China Economy Essay

The rapid rise of China as a major economic power within a time span of about three decades is often described by analysts as one of the greatest economic success stories in modern times. From 1979 (when economic reforms began) to 2011, China’s real gross domestic product (GDP) grew at an average annual rate of nearly 10%. From 1980 to 2011, real GDP grew 19-fold in real terms, real per capita GDP increased 14-fold, and an estimated 500 million people were raised out of extreme poverty. China is now the world’s second-largest economy and some analysts predict it could become the largest within a few years. Yet, on a per capita basis, China remains a relatively poor country. China’s economic rise has led to a substantial increase in U. S. -China economic ties. According to U. S. trade data, total trade between the two countries surged from $5 billion in 1980 to $503 billion in 2011. China is currently the United States’ second-largest trading partner, its third largest export market, and its largest source of imports. Many U. S. ompanies have extensive operations in China in order to sell their products in the booming Chinese market and to take advantage of lower-cost labor for export-oriented manufacturing. These operations have helped some U. S. firms to remain internationally competitive and have supplied U. S. consumers with a variety of low-cost goods. China’s large-scale purchases of U. S. Treasury securities (which totaled nearly $1. 2 trillion at the end of 2011) have enabled the federal government to fund its budget deficits, which help keep U. S. interest rates relatively low. However, the emergence of China as a major economic superpower has raised concern among many U. S. policymakers. Some claim that China uses unfair trade practices (such as an undervalued currency and subsidies given to domestic producers) to flood U. S. markets with low cost goods, and that such practices threaten American jobs, wages, and living standards. Others contend that China’s growing use of industrial policies to promote and protect certain domestic Chinese industries firms favored by the government, and its failure to take effective action against widespread infringement of U.  S. intellectual property rights (IPR) in China, threaten to undermine the competitiveness of U. S. IP-intensive industries. In addition, while China has become a large and growing market for U. S. exports, critics contend that numerous trade and investment barriers limit opportunities for U. S. firms to sell in China, or force them to set up production facilities in China as the price of doing business there. Other concerns relating to China’s economic growth include its growing demand for energy and raw materials and its emergence as the world’s largest emitter of greenhouse gasses. The Chinese government views a growing economy as vital to maintaining social stability. However, China faces a number of major economic challenges which could undermine future growth, including distortive economic policies that have resulted in over-reliance on fixed investment and exports for economic growth (rather than on consumer demand), government support for state-owned firms, a weak banking system, widening income gaps, growing pollution, and the relative lack of the rule of law in China. Many economists warn that such problems could undermine China’s future economic growth. The Chinese government has acknowledged these problems and has pledged to address them by implementing policies to boost consumer spending, expand social safety net coverage, and encourage the development of less-polluting industries. China’s Economy Prior to Reforms Prior to 1979, China, under the leadership of Chairman Mao Zedong, maintained a centrally planned, or command, economy. A large share of the country’s economic output was directed and controlled by the state, which set production goals, controlled prices, and allocated resources throughout most of the economy. During the 1950s, all of China’s individual household farms were collectivized into large communes. To support rapid industrialization, the central government undertook large-scale investments in physical and human capital during the 1960s and 1970s. As a result, by 1978 nearly three-fourths of industrial production was produced by centrally controlled, state-owned enterprises (SOEs), according to centrally planned output targets. Private enterprises and foreign-invested firms were generally barred. A central goal of the Chinese government was to make China’s economy relatively self-sufficient. Foreign trade was generally limited to obtaining only those goods that could not be made or obtained in China. Government policies kept the Chinese economy relatively stagnant and inefficient, mainly because most aspects of the economy were managed and run by the central government (and thus there were few profit incentives for firms, workers, and farmers), competition was virtually nonexistent, foreign trade and investment flows were mainly limited to Soviet bloc countries, and price and production controls caused widespread distortions in the economy. Chinese living standards were substantially lower than those of many other developing countries. The Chinese government in 1978 (shortly after the death of Chairman Mao in 1976) decided to break with its Soviet-style economic policies by gradually reforming the economy according to free market principles and opening up trade and investment with the West, in the hope that this would significantly increase economic growth and raise living standards. As Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping, the architect of China’s economic reforms, put it: â€Å"Black cat, white cat, what does it matter what color the cat is as long as it catches mice? The Introduction of Economic Reforms Beginning in 1979, China launched several economic reforms. The central government initiated price and ownership incentives for farmers, which enabled them to sell a portion of their crops on the free market. In addition, the government established four special economic zones along the coast for the purpose of attract ing foreign investment, boosting exports, and importing high technology products into China. Additional reforms, which followed in stages, sought to decentralize economic policymaking in several sectors, especially trade. Economic control of various enterprises was given to provincial and local governments, which were generally allowed to operate and compete on free market principles, rather than under the direction and guidance of state planning. In addition, citizens were encouraged to start their own businesses. Additional coastal regions and cities were designated as open cities and development zones, which allowed them to experiment with free market reforms and to offer tax and trade incentives to attract foreign investment. In addition, state price controls on a wide range of products were gradually eliminated. Trade liberalization was also a major key to China’s economic success. Removing trade barriers encouraged greater competition and attracted foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows. China’s gradual implementation of economic reforms sought to identify which policies produced favorable economic outcomes (and which did not) so that they could be implemented in other parts of the country, a process Deng Xiaoping reportedly referred to as â€Å"crossing the river by touching the stones. † China’s Economic Growth Since Reforms: 1979-2012 Since the introduction of economic reforms, China’s economy has grown substantially faster than during the pre-reform period (see Table 1). According to the Chinese government, from 1953 to 1978, real annual GDP growth was estimated at 6. 7%, although many analysts claim that Chinese economic data during this period are highly questionable because government officials often exaggerated production levels for a variety of political reasons. Agnus Maddison estimates China’s average annual real GDP during this period at 4. %. China’s economy suffered economic downturns during the leadership of Chairman Mao Zedong, including during the Great Leap Forward from 1958 to 1960 (which led to a massive famine and reportedly the deaths of tens of millions of people) and the Cultural Revolution from 1966 to 1976 (which caused political chaos and greatly disrupted the economy). During the reform period (1979-2011), Chinaâ €™s average annual real GDP grew by 9. 9%. This essentially has meant that, on average China has been able to double the size of its economy in real terms every eight years. The global economic slowdown, which began in 2008, impacted the Chinese economy (especially the export sector). China’s real GDP growth fell from 14. 2% in 2007 to 9. 6% in 2008 to 9. 2% in 2009. In response, the Chinese government implemented a large economic stimulus package and an expansive monetary policy. These measures boosted domestic investment and consumption and helped prevent a sharp economic slowdown in China. In 2010, China’s real GDP grew by 10. 4%, and in 2011 it rose by 9. 2%. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) projects that China’s real GDP will grow by 7. 8% in 2012. From 2013 to 2017, the IMP projects that China’s real GDP growth will average 8. 5%. Table 1- China’s average annual real GDP growth. Causes of China’s Economic Growth Economists generally attribute much of China’s rapid economic growth to two main factors: large-scale capital investment (financed by large domestic savings and foreign investment) and rapid productivity growth. These two factors appear to have gone together hand in hand. Economic reforms led to higher efficiency in the economy, which boosted output and increased resources for additional investment in the economy. China has historically maintained a high rate of savings. When reforms were initiated in 1979, domestic savings as a percentage of GDP stood at 32%. However, most Chinese savings during this period were generated by the profits of SOEs, which were used by the central government for domestic investment. Economic reforms, which included the decentralization of economic production, led to substantial growth in Chinese household savings as well as corporate savings. As a result, China’s gross savings as a percentage of GDP has steadily risen, reaching 53. 9% in 2010 (compared to a U. S. rate of 9. 3%), and is among the highest savings rates in the world. The large level of savings has enabled China to boost domestic investment. In fact, its gross domestic savings levels far exceed its domestic investment levels, meaning that China is a large net global lender. Several economists have concluded that productivity gains (i. e. , increases in efficiency) have been another major factor in China’s rapid economic growth. The improvements to productivity were caused largely by a reallocation of resources to more productive uses, especially in sectors that were formerly heavily controlled by the central government, such as agriculture, trade, and services. For example, agricultural reforms boosted production, freeing workers to pursue employment in the more productive manufacturing sector. China’s decentralization of the economy led to the rise of non-state enterprises (such as private firms), which tended to pursue more productive activities than the centrally controlled SOEs and were more market-oriented, and hence, more efficient. Additionally, a greater share of the economy (mainly the export sector) was exposed to competitive forces. Local and provincial governments were allowed to establish and operate various enterprises on market principles, without interference from the central government. In addition, FDI in China brought with it new technology and processes that boosted efficiency. As indicated in Figure 2, China has achieved high rates of total factor productivity (TFP) growth relative to the United States. TFP represents an estimate of the part of economic output growth not accounted for by the growth in inputs (such as labor and capital), and is often attributed to the effects of technological change and efficiency gains. China experiences faster TFP growth than most developed countries such as the United States because of its ability to access and utilize existing foreign technology and know-how. High TFP growth rates have been a major factor behind China’s rapid economic growth rate. However, as China’s technological development begins to approach that of major developed countries, its level of productivity gains, and thus, real GDP growth, could slow significantly from its historic 10% average, unless China becomes a major center for new technology and innovation and/or implements new comprehensive economic reforms. As indicated in Figure 3, the EIU currently projects that China’s real GDP growth will slow considerably in the years ahead, averaging 7. 0% from 2012 to 2020, and falling to 3. 7% from 2021 to 2030. The Chinese government has indicated its desire to move away from its current economic model of fast growth at any cost to more â€Å"smart† economic growth, which seeks to reduce reliance on energy-intensive and high-polluting industries and rely more on high technology, green energy, and services. China also has indicated it wants to obtain more balanced economic growth. Measuring the Size of China’s Economy The rapid growth of the Chinese economy has led many analysts to speculate if and when China will overtake the United States as the â€Å"world’s largest economic power. † The â€Å"actual† size of China’s economy has been a subject of extensive debate among economists. Measured in U. S. dollars using nominal exchange rates, China’s GDP in 2011 was $7. 2 trillion, less than half the size of the U. S. economy. The per capita GDP (a common measurement of a country’s living standards) of China was $5,460, which was 12% the size of Japan’s level and 11% that of the United States (see Table 2). Many economists contend that using nominal exchange rates to convert Chinese data (or that of other countries) into U. S. dollars fails to reflect the true size of China’s economy and living standards relative to the United States. Nominal exchange rates simply reflect the prices of foreign currencies vis-a-vis the U. S. dollar and such measurements exclude differences in the prices for goods and services across countries. To illustrate, one U. S. dollar exchanged for local currency in China would buy more goods and services there than it would in the United States. This is because prices for goods and services in China are generally lower than they are in the United States. Conversely, prices for goods and services in Japan are generally higher than they are in the United States (and China). Thus, one dollar exchanged for local Japanese currency would buy fewer goods and services there than it would in the United States. Economists attempt to develop estimates of exchange rates based on their actual purchasing power relative to the dollar in order to make more accurate comparisons of economic data across countries, usually referred to as a purchasing power parity (PPP) basis. The PPP exchange rate increases the (estimated) measurement of China’s economy and its per capita GDP. According to the Economist Intelligence Unit, (EIU), which utilizes World Bank data, prices for goods and services in China are 41. 5% the level they are in the United States. Adjusting for this price differential raises the value of China’s 2011 GDP from $7. 2 trillion (nominal dollars) to $11. 4 trillion (on a PPP basis). This would indicate that China’s economy is 76. 0% the size of the U. S. economy. China’s share of global GDP on a PPP basis rose from 3. 7% in 1990 to 14. % in 2011 (the U. S. share of global GDP peaked at 24. 3% in 1999 and declined to 18. 9% in 2011); see Figure 4. Many economic analysts predict that on a PPP basis China will soon overtake the United States as the world’s largest economy. EIU, for example, projects this will occur by 2016, and that by 2030, China’s economy could be 30% larger than that of the United St ates. This would not be the first time in history that China was the world’s largest economy (see text box). The PPP measurement also raises China’s 2011 per capita GDP (from $5,460) to $8,650, which was 17. 9% of the U. S. evel. The EIU projects this level will rise to 34. 3% by 2030. Thus, although China will likely become the world’s largest economy in a few years on a PPP basis, it will likely take many years for its living standards to approach U. S. levels. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in China China’s trade and investment reforms and incentives led to a surge in FDI beginning in the early 1990s. Such flows have been a major source of China’s productivity gains and rapid economic and trade growth. There were reportedly 445,244 foreign-invested enterprises (FIEs) registered in China in 2010, employing 55. million workers or 15. 9% of the urban workforce. As indicated in Figure 5, FIEs account for a significant share of China’s industrial output. That level rose from 2. 3% in 1990 to a high of 35. 9% in 2003, but fell to 27. 1% by 2010. In addition, FIE’s are responsible for a significant level of China’s foreign trade. In 2011, FIEs in China accounted for 52. 4% of China’s exports and 49. 6% of its imports, although this level was down from its peak in 2006 when FIEs’ share of Chinese exports and imports was 58. 2% and 59. 7%, respectively, as indicated in Figure 6. FIEs in China dominate China’s high technology exports. From 2002 to 2010, the share of China’s high tech exports by FIEs rose from 79% to 82%. During the same period, the share of China’s high tech exports by wholly owned foreign firms (which excludes foreign joint ventures with Chinese firms) rose from 55% to 67%. According to the Chinese government, annual FDI inflows into China grew from $2 billion in 1985 to $108 billion in 2008. Due to the effects of the global economic slowdown, FDI flows to China fell by 12. 2% to $90 billion in 2009. They totaled $106 billion in 2010 and $116 billion in 2011 (see Figure 7). Chinese data for January-October 2012 indicate that FDI fell by 3. 5% on a year-on-year basis; FDI into China will likely total around $112. 1 billion for the full year. Hong Kong was reported as the largest source of FDI flows to China in 2011 (63. 9% of total), followed by Taiwan, Japan, Singapore, and the United States. The cumulative level (or stock) of FDI in China at the end of 2011 is estimated at $1. 2 trillion, making it one of the world’s largest destinations of FDI. According to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, China was the world’s second-largest destination for FDI flows in 2011, after the United States (see Figure 8). The largest sources of cumulative FDI in China for 1979-2011 were Hong Kong (43. 5% of total), the British Virgin Islands, Japan, the United States, and Taiwan (see Table 3). According to Chinese data, annual U. S. FDI flows to China peaked at $5. 4 billion in 2002 (10. 2% of total FDI in China). In 2011, they were $3. 0 billion or 2. 6% of total FDI (see Figure 9). From January to October 2012, U. S. FDI in China rose by 3. 8% (year-on-year).

African Americans And The Great Depression - 1477 Words

The Great Depression was a tough time for everyone, but it was even worse for African Americans. From 1929 to 1939, the â€Å"Great Depression was deepest and longest-lasting economic downturn in the history of the Western industrialized world,† (The Great Depression). Wiping jobs and companies, the Great Depression effect everyone. African Americans suffered the most because even before the catastrophic event, it was harder for African Americans to find jobs in the U.S (Sustar). Even before the Great Depression African Americans were treated horribly and the Great Depression only made it worse for them to get on with their lives. â€Å"African Americans entered the Depression long before the stock market crash in 1929, and they stayed there longer than most Americans,† (Trotter). The Great depression wasn’t easy for anyone, but it was significantly tougher on African Americans. Even though The Great Depression effect everyone, it effected African Americans more. It was a lot harder for them to find jobs, even before the stock market crash of 1929. â€Å"As cotton prices dropped from eighteen cents per pound on the eve of the Depression to less than six cents per pound in 1933, some 12,000 black sharecroppers lost their precarious footing in southern agriculture and moved increasingly toward southern, northern, and western cities,† (Trotter). As the number of people needing jobs in cities escalated, African Americans faced more difficulties. The unemployment rate for blacks was 50Show MoreRelatedAfrican Americans : A Great Depression1282 Words   |  6 PagesAfrican Americans didn’t know that is was a Great Depression. African Americans have always been poor and knew how to survive. By 1932, approximately half of black Americans were unemployed, blacks always felt unemployed and under paid. Whites attempted to keep blacks out of work by not hiring African Americans. They used racial violence, and discrimination tactics to keep an underprivileged population depressed. Teachers taught in the past it was caused by the stock market crash in 1929, causingRead MoreEssay on African Americans in the Great Depression1210 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great Depression. The worst financial crisis to ever hit America. Unemployment rates of over 25%. A 50% decrease in national income. Billions of dollars lost in a single day. (Trotter, pg.8) The Depression affected everyone in America. Young and old, rich and poor, black and white, none were spared. However, for America’s 12 million African Americans (Encyclopedia of Race and Racism) the Depression didn’t just start in 1929.(Africa to America: From the Middle Passage Through the 1930s) AfricanRead MoreAfrican Americans During The Great Depression1053 Words   |  5 PagesAfrican Americans began moving into Chicago in great numbers following the Great Depression. As a result, tensions arose as they moved into the city, which sparked â€Å"the great migration of the whites.† who moved out of t he city to the suburbs.Which caused the White Flight This investigation will analyze to what extent did negative racial encounters in the 1950’s caused the white fight to the suburbs.African Americans began moving into Chicago in great numbers following the Great Depression.Read MoreAfrican Americans During The Great Depression974 Words   |  4 PagesEvery group of Americans was affected by the Great Depression; however, African-Americans experienced the worst brunt of the blows. By 1932, more than half of African-Americans were unemployed. Discrimination also was visible in policies aimed to give relief during the Depression. Lastly, racial violence again became more common, especially in the South with no repercussions for committers of such violence. Before the Depression, Americans prospered during the roaring twenties. This was an exuberantRead MoreHow did the events of the 1930’s impact African Americans prospects?809 Words   |  4 Pagesimpact African Americans prospects? Charlie Wilson The 1930’s was a time of great struggle in the USA. The New York stock market crashed in 1929 and triggered a spiral of economic depression, which hit African Americans hard. The Great Depression had a huge impact on African Americans. The Great Depression of the 1930s was catastrophic for all workers. But as usual, African Americans suffered worse, pushed out of unskilled jobs previously scorned by whites before the depression. African AmericansRead MoreEffects Of Segregation In The 1930s737 Words   |  3 PagesRights Denied to African Americans in the 1930s What is segregation? Segregation is set apart or separation of people or things from others or from the main body or group. (dictionary.com) In the 1930s African Americans did not have the right to vote. The policy of segregation meant that blacks had their own churches, schools, football teams, and even their own cemeteries. The Great Depression also took place in the 1930s. The economic crisis of the 1930s, the Great Depression, is one of the mostRead MoreEffects Of Segregation In The 1930s728 Words   |  3 Pagespeople or things from others or from the main body or group. (dictionary.com) In the 1930s African Americans did not have the right to vote. The policy of segregation meant that blacks had their own churches, schools, football teams, and even their own cemeteries. The Great Depression also took place in the 1930s. The economic crisis of the 1930s, the Great Depression, is one of the most studied periods in American history. Racism was at a high point in the 1930s. The 1930s were a turbulent time forRead MoreGreat Depression Essays1347 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great Depression is probably one of the most misunderstood events in American history. It is routinely cited, as proof that unregulated capitalism is not the best in the world, and that only a massive welfare state, huge amounts of economic regulation, and other interventions can save capitalism from itself. The Great Depression had important consequences and was a devastating event in America, however many good policies and programs became available as a result of the great depression, someRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance850 Words   |  4 Pagesexpress themselves. The Great Migration was the movement of six million African Americans from the rural South to the cities of the North during 1916 to 1970. Driven from their homes by unsatisfactory economic opportunities and harsh segregationist laws, many African Americans headed north in search for a better future. Due to the aftermath of World War One , it brought many African Americans into the thriving New York City. Moreover, during the early 1920s the African Americans developed their own cultureRead MoreThe Great Depression And The New Deal1177 Words   |  5 Pagespaper I will be discussing how women, blacks, Hispanics, and Native Americans, were impacted by the Depression and the New Deal. I will also be discussing the long-term legacies of the New Deal and the major historical assessments that have been made of the New Deal. I will also be giving my thoughts and views on the assessments that have been made of the New Deal. The New Deal and Minorities The Great Depression was caused by the stock market crash in 1929. This stock market crash